Glory Be to Jesus Christ!
🌞
Since in the works published at the following links:
https://churchandsociety.org.ua/pdf/projects/zbirnyk.pdf
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/17082024.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/27112024.html
it is written that the use of prepositions is important for the correct understanding of important and actual issues, in particular the issue of power, I am writing commentaries on the use of these prepositions. As a piece of advice on how to read the text, you can read the verse in translation and/or in the original (if you have the opportunity), and then the commentary on prepositions here. Next, you need to understand which part of the verse the commentary refers to, and consider what it affirms — or less often, denies — that is essential to understanding. This thoughtful reading helps to deepen understanding and protects against the mistakes mentioned above.
As Lent has begun, the readings from the New Testament are replaced by readings from the Old Testament to encourage people to repentance.
Since I am commenting on several Ancient Greek (koine) prepositions, I will continue to comment on the Old Testament readings by looking at the first complete translation into Ancient Greek, the Septuagint.
In the 6th hour:
Isaiah IX, 11 — ‘Συρίαν ἀφ’ ἡλίου ἀνατολῶν καὶ τοὺς Ἕλληνας ἀφ‘ ἡλίου δυσμῶν’ - ‘Syrian aph heliou anatolon kai tous Ellenas aph heliou dysmon’ - ‘Syria from the sunrise and the Hellenes from the sunset’. The preposition ‘apo’ in its form before the following ‘he’ indicates that these peoples have left their lands, they are conquerors.
Isaiah IX, 13 — ‘ἐν μιᾷ ἡμέρᾳ’ - ‘en mia hemera’ - ‘in one day’.
Isaiah IX, 17, 18 — ‘ὑπὸ πυρός’ - ‘hypo pyros’ - ‘from fire; by fire’. The preposition ‘hypo’ is here with the genitive case, indicating that it is a passive voice. ‘ἐν τοῖς δάσεσι τοῦ δρυμοῦ’ - ‘en tois dasesi tou drymou’ - ‘in the depths of the forest’.
Isaiah IX, 19 — ‘εἰς τὰ δεξιά’ - ‘eis ta dexia’ - ‘to the right’. ‘ἐκ τῶν ἀριστερῶν’ - ‘ek ton aristeron’ - ‘to the left’. Common expressions.
Isaiah X, 2 — ‘εἰς ἁρπαγὴν’ - ‘eis arpagen’ - ‘for the spoil’. ‘εἰς προνομήν’ - ‘eis pronomen’ - ‘for plunder’. The preposition ‘eis’ indicates the purpose.
Isaiah X, 3 — ‘ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῆς ἐπισκοπῆς’ - ‘en te hemera tes episkopes’ - ‘on the day of inspection; on the day of visitation’.
Isaiah X, 4 — ‘εἰς ἐπαγωγήν’ - ‘eis epagogen’ - ‘into seduction’. This word is not clear from the context and is ambiguous.
For more on the reading, please refer to the link:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/14032023.html
At vespers:
Genesis VII, 1 — ‘εἰς τὴν κιβωτόν’ - ‘eis ten kiboton’ - ‘into the ark’. ‘ἐν τῇ γενεᾷ ταύτῃ’ - ‘en te genea taute’ - ‘in this generation’.
Genesis VII, 2 — ‘ἀπὸ δὲ τῶν κτηνῶν τῶν καθαρῶν’ - ‘apo de ton ktenon ton katharon’ - ‘from clean beasts of burden’. ‘ἀπὸ δὲ τῶν κτηνῶν τῶν μὴ καθαρῶν’ - ‘apo de ton ktenon ton me katharon’ - ‘from unclean beasts of burden’. The preposition ‘apo’ indicates that a selection is made, a choice among the group, and those animals are set apart from the rest (because they will survive).
Genesis VII, 3 — ‘ἀπὸ τῶν πετεινῶν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ τῶν καθαρῶν’ - ‘apo ton peteinon tou ouranou ton katharon’ - ‘of the clean birds of the heavens’. ‘ἀπὸ τῶν πετεινῶν τῶν μὴ καθαρῶν’ - ‘apo ton peteinon ton me katharon’ - ‘from the unclean birds’. Similar to the previous one.
Genesis VII, 4 — ‘ἀπὸ προσώπου τῆς γῆς’ - ‘apo prosopou tes ges’ - ‘out of the face of the earth’. The preposition ‘apo’ indicates that this is a complete, total extermination.
For more on the reading, please refer to the link:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/14032023.html
Proverbs VIII, 35 — ‘ἑτοιμάζεται θέλησις παρὰ κυρίου’ - ‘etoimazetai thelesis para kyriou’ - ‘the will is prepared from beside the Lord’. The preposition ‘para’ here is with the genitive case. This construction is used in reference to the proceeding of the Holy Spirit from the Father and in reference to the human nature of Jesus Christ. This indicates that the reference is to the work of the Holy Spirit. See more in the references and citations therein:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/enk/commentaries/17032025.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/14032025.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/08032025.html
Proverbs VIII, 36 — ‘οἱ δὲ εἰς ἐμὲ ἁμαρτάνοντες’ - ‘hoi de eis eme hamartanontes’ - ‘whoever sins (fails) in relation to (against) me’. The preposition ‘eis’ indicates direction, orientation, i.e. ‘in relation to what’.
Proverbs IX, 2 — ‘εἰς κρατῆρα’ - ‘eis kratera’ - ‘in a vessel for mixing wine and water’. This may be a prophetic image of the miracle in Cana of Galilee and a prophecy about the Sacraments of the Church, as well as about the blood and water that flowed from the pierced rib of Jesus on the cross.
Proverbs IX, 6 — ‘ἐν γνώσει σύνεσιν’ - ‘eis gnosei synesin’ - ‘in the knowledge of understanding; in the cognition the understanding’. An unclear combination in cases, the second word is in the accusative, not the genitive or dative case. Nevertheless, wisdom gives deep knowledge and understanding, which are related, and also gives understanding of God along with knowledge of Him.
For more on the reading, please refer to the link:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/14032023.html
Glory be to Thee, our God, glory be to Thee!