Christ Is Risen!
🌞
Since in the work published at the link:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/02082025.html
and even earlier in others, published at the links:
https://churchandsociety.org.ua/pdf/projects/zbirnyk.pdf
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/17082024.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/12112025.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/27112024.html
it is written that the use of prepositions has important significance for the correct understanding of important and topical questions, particularly the question of power, I am writing comments regarding the use of precisely these prepositions. As advice regarding reading what is written — one can read the verse in translation or/and original (whoever has such possibility), and then the corresponding comment regarding prepositions here. Then it is necessary to understand which part of the verse the comment concerns, and also to consider what essential for understanding it affirms — or more rarely — denies. Such thoughtful reading helps to deepen understanding and protects from the mentioned mistakes.
I prepared an improved version of my research, the presentation of which is available at the link:
https://www.facebook.com/Oleksandr.S.Zhabenko/posts/
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/uk/commentaries/vystup-2025-hypo-genitive-Romans-XIII_1.pdf
The research material is currently being prepared for publication. I hope, God willing, to present fuller results later after the publication comes out.
I will update the list of references regarding prepositions at the links:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/02082025.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/uk/commentaries/Pryjmennyky.html
the latter — once or twice a month (in Ukrainian), to keep the text version current and up to date.
Translated from Ukrainian by Claude Sonnet 4.6 (Anthropic AI), with subsequent editing by me.
Strong's references (note: according to Strong) in the translation of the original text mean that the word is taken from Strong's dictionary, and the specific meaning was chosen following the translation and commentary by Google Gemini.
Liturgy:
Acts X, 35 — 'ἐν παντὶ ἔθνει' — 'en panti ethnei' - in every nation
.
Acts X, 37 — 'ἀπὸ τῆς Γαλιλαίας' — 'apo tes Galilaias' - from Galilee
. The preposition 'apo' indicates here the beginning of the list of localities where the adult Christ preached.
Acts X, 38 — 'Ἰησοῦν τὸν ἀπὸ Ναζαρέθ' — 'Iesoun ton apo Nazareth' - Jesus, Who is from Nazareth
. The preposition 'apo' indicates here origin through the maternal line, through the Most Pure Virgin Mary. 'καταδυναστευομένους ὑπὸ τοῦ διαβόλου' - 'katadynasteuomenous hypo tou diabolou' - those oppressed by the devil
. The preposition 'hypo' here with the genitive case indicates the passive voice of the participle those oppressed
(by whom).
Acts X, 39 — 'ἔν τε τῇ χώρᾳ τῶν Ἰουδαίων καὶ ἐν Ἱερουσαλήμ' — 'en te te khora ton Ioudaion kai en Hierousalem' - both in the land of the Jews and in Jerusalem
. Where.
Acts X, 40 — 'ἐν τῇ τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ' — 'en te trite hemera' - on the third day
. When.
Acts X, 41 — 'μάρτυσιν τοῖς προκεχειροτονημένοις ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ' — 'martysin tois prokekheirotonemenois hypo tou theou' - to witnesses appointed beforehand by God; to witnesses designated beforehand by God
. The preposition 'hypo' here with the genitive case indicates the passive voice of the participle appointed/designated
. 'μετὰ τὸ ἀναστῆναι αὐτὸν ἐκ νεκρῶν' - 'meta to anastenai auton ek nekron' - after His resurrection from the dead
. The preposition 'ek' indicates here whence the transition of Christ took place — from the dead to the living.
Acts X, 42 — 'αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ ὡρισμένος ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ κριτὴς ζώντων καὶ νεκρῶν' — 'autos estin ho horismenos hypo tou theou krites zonton kai nekron' - He is the one determined (appointed, established, set, as in appointment to a position) by God as Judge of the living and the dead
. The preposition 'hypo' here with the genitive case indicates the passive voice of the participle determined/appointed
. Every decision of the entire Trinity includes also the decision of the Father in particular, Who is the Root and Beginning of the Divinity. Here throughout the passage, apart from the words about His Resurrection in verse 41, Jesus is spoken of according to His human nature. God (here throughout, as in most texts of the New Testament) is God the Father, named here as the Beginning of the Divinity. It must be remembered that the Son of God Jesus Christ is also God — consubstantial with and equal in honour to the Father and the Holy Spirit in divinity. As is said in the Gospel of John, the Father has given all judgement to the Son, because He is the Son of Man
(John V, 18-24, 26-27) — which does not mean the Father's renunciation of judgement, nor that the Son lacks the power to judge in His divinity as God; no, the Father has not renounced judgement and the Son has authority according to His divinity; but just as the Son is begotten from the Father from before all ages, so also the Son has authority from the Father. Important here is the verse John V, 26, which shows that unlike the divine gifts to creation, the Son receives from the Father in a manner that is substantially inalienable, irrevocable, and unchangeable — all that they hold in common and undivided. Thus the Son at once ineffably receives, and at the same time fully, with complete authority and self-existently, has within Himself. It is impossible for it to be otherwise. See more on that at the links:
https://www.instagram.com/oleksandr_zhabenko/p/DWMTLk3DYIR/
https://www.instagram.com/oleksandr_zhabenko/p/DWv_JXXjbPZ/
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/22042026.html
https://www.instagram.com/oleksandr_zhabenko/p/DT6X5acAk52/
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/22022025.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/Trinity.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/26042023.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/27042023.html
Acts X, 43 — 'πάντα τὸν πιστεύοντα εἰς αὐτόν' — 'panta ton pisteuonta eis auton' - to all those who believe in(to) Him
. The preposition 'eis' indicates here that faith leads to Christ Himself, Who is the goal and final point of faith.
The reading contains the apostle Peter's sermon about Jesus Christ and all the events of which the apostles and many people were witnesses.
The apostle begins with praise — which is a common feature of apostolic preaching. In this the preaching of the apostles often differed from the preaching of the prophets. In general one may say that the apostles testify to God's Providence among people even prior to their proclamation of good news, and then announce the joy concerning the Coming of Jesus and the salvation that came to people through Him.
Peter mentions that the story of Jesus is known to many, whilst at the same time testifying to the fact that not all receive it — and in what the faith of Christ consists.
More concerning the reading see at the links:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/15052025.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/30052024.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/11052023.html
John VIII, 12 — 'ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ' — 'en te skotia' - in the darkness
. Where and how.
John VIII, 17 — 'ἐν τῷ νόμῳ δὲ τῷ ὑμετέρῳ γεγραμμένον ἐστὶν' — 'en to nomo de to hymetero gegrammenon estin' - but in your Law it is written
.
John VIII, 20 — 'ἐν τῷ γαζοφυλακίῳ διδάσκων ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ' — 'en to gazophylakio didaskon en to hiero' - in the treasury, teaching in the temple
. Where.
Concerning the light of life it is well written at the link:
https://www.facebook.com/Oleksandr.S.Zhabenko/posts/
Concerning the righteousness of Jesus's judgement it is well written at the links:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/22042026.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/27042023.html
Concerning how to understand the expression I am…
from Jesus, it is well written at the link:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/01052026.html
Concerning the works of the Father and the Son see at the links:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/22042026.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/26042023.html
Here too Christ speaks not only about works but also about the truth He has revealed.
More concerning the readings from the Gospel see at the link and others cited there:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/15052025.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/11052023.html
Glory be to Thee, our God, glory be to Thee!