Commentary for (2 Timothy IV, 9-22; Luke XX, 1-8; Hebrews XI, 33-XII, 2; Luke XI, 47-XII, 1)

Oleksandr Zhabenko 🇬🇧
Glory Be to Jesus Christ!
🌞

Since in the work published at the link:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/02082025.html
and even earlier in others, published at the links:
https://churchandsociety.org.ua/pdf/projects/zbirnyk.pdf
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/17082024.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/12112025.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/27112024.html
it is written that the use of prepositions has important significance for the correct understanding of important and topical questions, particularly the question of power, I am writing comments regarding the use of precisely these prepositions. As advice regarding reading what is written — one can read the verse in translation or/and original (whoever has such possibility), and then the corresponding comment regarding prepositions here. Then it is necessary to understand which part of the verse the comment concerns, and also to consider what essential for understanding it affirms — or more rarely — denies. Such thoughtful reading helps to deepen understanding and protects from the mentioned mistakes.

I prepared an improved version of my research, the presentation of which is available at the link:
https://www.facebook.com/Oleksandr.S.Zhabenko/posts/
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/uk/commentaries/vystup-2025-hypo-genitive-Romans-XIII_1.pdf

The research material is currently being prepared for publication. I hope, God willing, to present fuller results later after the publication comes out.

I will update the list of references regarding prepositions at the links:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/02082025.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/uk/commentaries/Pryjmennyky.html
the latter — once or twice a month (in Ukrainian), to keep the text version current and up to date.

Liturgy:
(2 Timothy IV, 9-22)
2 Timothy IV, 10 — 'εἰς Θεσσαλονίκην' - 'eis Thessaloniken' - to Thessalonica. 'εἰς Γαλλίαν' - 'eis Gallian' - to Galatia. 'εἰς Δαλματίαν' - 'eis Dalmatian' - to Dalmatia. Where to.

2 Timothy IV, 11 — 'εὔχρηστος εἰς διακονίαν' - 'euchrestos eis diakonian' - useful for ministry; very profitable for ministry. For what.

2 Timothy IV, 12 — 'εἰς Ἔφεσον' - 'eis Epheson' - to Ephesus. Where to.

2 Timothy IV, 13 — 'ἐν Τρῳάδι' - 'en Troadi' - in Troas. Where. 'παρὰ Κάρπῳ' - 'para Karpo' - in the vicinity of Carpus. The preposition 'para' here with the dative case and indicates here that the clothe remained in the house of Carpus, where the apostle had been before.

2 Timothy IV, 16 — 'ἐν τῇ πρώτῃ μου ἀπολογίᾳ' - 'en te prote mou apologia' - at [the time of] my first defence. When.

2 Timothy IV, 17 — 'ἐκ στόματος λέοντος' - 'ek stomatos leontos' - from the mouth of a lion. The preposition 'ek' indicates here from where the Apostle Paul was delivered. Can be in literal or figurative meaning.

2 Timothy IV, 18 — 'ἀπὸ παντὸς ἔργου πονηροῦ' - 'apo pantos ergou ponerou' - from every evil (in the end, by results, in general) deed. The preposition 'apo' indicates here that the Lord will completely deliver Paul from every evil deed. A parallel to the Lord's Prayer:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/01032025.html
'εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν αὐτοῦ τὴν ἐπουράνιον' — 'eis ten basileian autou ten epouranion' - for His Heavenly Kingdom; for His Supraheavenly Kingdom. For what. 'εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων' - 'eis tous aionas ton aionon' - to the ages of ages. Common expression. Is part of the wish.

2 Timothy IV, 20 — 'ἐν Κορίνθῳ' - 'en Korintho' - in Corinth. Where. 'ἐν Μιλήτῳ' - 'en Mileto' - in Miletus. Where.

Paul writes about the state of his preaching, about his co-workers, asks Timothy also for help and testifies about his work despite difficulties and persecution for Christ's sake. Luke is mentioned, my beloved saint, apostle and evangelist, also other apostles from the seventy who helped Paul. Also Paul warns about special opposition from Alexander the coppersmith, so that Timothy also would know that he strongly opposes. Paul does not wish God's judgement on Alexander, but testifies that judgement will be.

The letter concludes with wishes and greetings.

More about the reading from the Apostle see at the links:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/13122023.html

(Luke XX, 1-8)
Luke XX, 1 — 'ἐν μιᾷ τῶν ἡμερῶν' — 'en mia ton hemeron' - on one of (those) days. 'ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ' - 'en to hiero' - in the temple.

Luke XX, 2, 8 — 'ἐν ποίᾳ ἐξουσίᾳ' — 'en poia exousia' - in what authority; with what authority. Both variants of translation are possible, the first indicates that authority is conditions of Jesus's actions, and the second, that authority itself gives power to accomplish that. The thought of the Pharisees regarding Jesus is evident.

Luke XX, 4-6 — 'ἐξ οὐρανοῦ' — 'ex ouranou' - from heaven. 'ἐξ ἀνθρώπων' - 'ex anthropon' - from men. The preposition 'ek' indicates origin.

About parallel places in Matthew (Matthew XXI, 23-27) and Mark (Mark XI, 27-33) I wrote earlier, see at the links:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/12082025.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/02102025.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/08082023.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/28092023.html

More about the reading from the Gospel see at the links:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/27082024.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/29112023.html

More about the reading from the Gospel see at the links:
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/20112025.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/20082025.html
https://www.instagram.com/p/CaPLr0IsFcB/
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/31102024.html
https://oleksandr-zhabenko.github.io/en/commentaries/02112023.html

Glory to Thee, our God, glory to Thee!